Magnus Johannesson

Consumption and Health (2006)

Domeij, David, Johannesson, Magnus

Many studies show that individuals do not perfectly smooth consumption at older ages. We argue that an important explanation is that health status declines with age, making consumption at older ages...

Consumption and Health (2006)

Domeij, David, Johannesson, Magnus

Many studies show that individuals do not perfectly smooth consumption at older ages. We argue that an important explanation is that health status declines with age, making consumption at older ages...

Consumption and Health (2006)

Domeij, David, Johannesson, Magnus

Many studies show that individuals do not perfectly smooth consumption at older ages. We argue that an important explanation is that health status declines with age, making consumption at older ages...

Consumption and Health (2006)

Domeij, David, Johannesson, Magnus

Many studies show that individuals do not perfectly smooth consumption at older ages. We argue that an important explanation is that health status declines with age, making consumption at older ages...

Crowding Out in Blood Donation: Was Titmuss Right? (2005)

Mellström, Carl, Johannesson, Magnus

In his seminal 1970 book, The Gift Relationship, Richard Titmuss argued that monetary compensation for donating blood might crowd out the supply of blood donors. To test this claim we carry out a...

Crowding Out in Blood Donation: Was Titmuss Right?

Mellström, Carl, Johannesson, Magnus

In his seminal 1970 book, The Gift Relationship, Richard Titmuss argued that monetary compensation for donating blood might crowd out the supply of blood donors. To test this claim we carry out a...

Pride and Prejudice: The Human Side of Incentive Theory

Ellingsen, Tore, Johannesson, Magnus

Many people are sensitive to social esteem, and their pride is a source of pro--social behavior. We present a game-theoretic model in which sensitivity to esteem varies across players and may depend...

The value of the change in health in Sweden 1980|81 to 1996|97

Kristina Burström, Magnus Johannesson, Finn Diderichsen

The study aimed to estimate the value of the change in health in Sweden 1980|81 to 1996|97. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for men and women at specific ages were estimated for 1980|81, 1988|89...

Time is not money

Ellingsen, Tore, Johannesson, Magnus

Casual observation suggests that people are more generous with their time than with their money. In this paper we present experimental evidence supporting the hypothesis. A third of our subjects...

Generosity

Ellingsen, Tore, Johannesson, Magnus

We develop a simple model of generous behavior. It is based on the premise that some people are generous, but everyone wants to appear generous. Although non-monetary donations are always...

Trust and truth

Ellingsen, Tore, Johannesson, Magnus, Lilja, Jannie, Zetterqvist, Henrik

In a laboratory experiment, we create relationships between pairs of anonymous subjects through a Prisoners' dilemma game. Thereafter the same subjects play a private values (sealed-bid double...

The cost of lying

Lundquist, Tobias, Ellingsen, Tore, Gribbe, Erik, Johannesson, Magnus

We experimentally investigate the effect of cheap talk in a bargaining game with one-sided asymmetric information. A seller has private information about his or her skill and is provided an...

Anticipated verbal feedback induces altruistic behavior

Ellingsen, Tore, Johannesson, Magnus

A distinctive feature of humans compared to other species is the high rate of cooperation with non-kin. One explanation is that humans are motivated by concerns for social esteem. In this paper we...

Is Altruism Paternalistic?

Fredric Jacobsson, Magnus Johannesson, Lars Borgquist

We test if altruism is paternalistic with respect to health. Subjects can donate money or nicotine patches to a smoking diabetes patient whose willingness to pay for nicotine patches is positive but...

Heritability of ultimatum game responder behavior

Wallace, Björn, Cesarini, David, Lichtenstein, Paul, Johannesson, Magnus

Experimental evidence suggests that many people are willing to deviate from materially maximizing strategies to punish unfair behavior. Even though little is known about the origins of such fairness...

Assessment of the Relationship Between Measures of Disease Severity, Quality of Life, and Willingness to Pay in Asthma

Alan J. Zillich, Karen Blumenschein, Magnus Johannesson, Patricia Freeman

Objective:The primary objective was to evaluate the relationship between willingness-to-pay (WTP), quality-of-life (QOL), and disease-severity measures in patients with asthma. The hypothesis studied...

Promises, Threats and Fairness

Tore Ellingsen, Magnus Johannesson

We present experimental evidence that promises and threats mitigate the hold-up problem. While investors rely as much on their own threats as on their trading partner's promises, the latter are more...

Do Life-Saving Regulations Save Lives?

Gerdtham, Ulf-G, Johannesson, Magnus

Life-saving regulations may be counter-productive since they have an indirect mortality effect through the reduction in disposable income. This paper estimates the effect of income on mortality,...

On the Value of Changes in Life Expectancy: Blips versus Parametric Changes.

Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Per-Olov, Lofgren, Karl-Gustaf

We estimate the value of a 'blip', i.e. an immediate small reduction, in the hazard rate for a random sample of Swedes. Since the risk reduction is age-independent (2 'extra saved lives' out of...

Saving Lives in the Present versus Saving Lives in the Future--Is There a Framing Effect?

Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Per-Olov

To estimate the discount rate for lives saved in the future a number of studies have been carried out on the trade-off between saving lives now and in the future. A telephone survey is administered...

Characterizing QALYs by Risk Neutrality.

Bleichrodt, Han, Wakker, Peter, Johannesson, Magnus

This paper shows that QALYs can be derived from more elementary conditions than thought hitherto in the literature: it suffices to impose risk neutrality for life years in every health state. This...

To Be, or Not to Be, That Is the Question: An Empirical Study of the WTP for an Increased Life Expectancy at an Advanced Age.

Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Per-Olov

This study reports an attempt to measure the value of an increased survival probability at advanced ages. It turns out that the average willingness to pay for a program which would increase the...

Is There a Hold-up Problem?

Tore Ellingsen, Magnus Johannesson

We report on a hold-up experiment in which unilateral investment is followed by bilateral bargaining according to Nash's demand game. Without communication, investment is low and coordination is...

Reciprocity in young children

Dahlman, Sandra, Ljungqvist, Pontus, Johannesson, Magnus

Reciprocal behavior, the rewarding of kind acts and the punishment of unkind acts, is relatively well established among adults. We test if reciprocal behavior exists already among children 3-8 years...

Billiards and Brains: Cognitive Ability and Behavior in a p-Beauty Contest

Burnham, Terence C., Cesarini, David, Wallace, Björn, Johannesson, Magnus, Lichtenstein, Paul

"Beauty contests" are well-studied, dominance-solvable games that generate two interesting results. First, most behavior does not conform to the unique Nash equilibrium. Second, there is considerable...

Paying Respect

Tore Ellingsen, Magnus Johannesson

Why do people work? Economic theory generally, and the principal–agent model specifically, emphasize the role of material incentives. But many academics, for example, work diligently year after...

Testing Guilt Aversion

Ellingsen, Tore, Johannesson, Magnus, Tjøtta, Sigve, Torsvik, Gaute

Guilt averse individuals experience a utility loss if they believe they let someone down. In particular, generosity depends on what the donor believes that the recipient expects to receive. In...

Eliciting Willingness to Pay Without Bias: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Karen Blumenschein, GlennC. Blomquist, Magnus Johannesson, Nancy Horn, Patricia Freeman

Concern exists that hypothetical willingness to pay questions overestimate real willingness to pay. In a field experiment, we compare two methods of removing hypothetical bias, a cheap talk approach...

Stated Preferences, Real Behaviour and Anchoring: Some Empirical Evidence

Richard O‘Conor, Magnus Johannesson, Per-Olov Johansson

We compare different contingent valuation question formats with each other and with observed behaviour for a non-monetary estimation task, the expected number of kilometers travelled by automobile....

Advantages of Using the Net-Benefit Approach for Analysing Uncertainty in Economic Evaluation Studies

Niklas Zethraeus, Magnus Johannesson, Bengt Jonsson, Mickael Lothgren, Magnus Tambour

No consensus has yet been reached on how to analyse uncertainty in economic evaluation studies where individual patient data are available for costs and health effects. This paper summarises the...

Genetic Influences on Economic Preferences

David, Cesarini, Dawes, Christopher T., Johannesson, Magnus, Lichtenstein, Paul, Wallace, Björn

We use the classical twin design to provide estimates of genetic and environmental influences on experimentally elicited preferences for risk and altruism. Our estimates provide strong prima facie...

Increasing socio-economic inequalities in life expectancy and QALYs in Sweden 1980-1997

Kristina Burström, Magnus Johannesson, Finn Diderichsen

The aim of this study was to estimate the change in socio-economic differences in life expectancy and in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), for men and women at different ages, in Sweden 1980 to...

Contingent valuation with an open-ended follow-up question: a test of scope effects

Bernt Kartman, Nils-Olov Stålhammar, Magnus Johannesson

It has been suggested that an open-ended follow-up question should be added to the binary contingent valuation question. Before this is generally recommended, it is important to evaluate the...

A comparison of patient and social tariff values derived from the time trade-off method

Niklas Zethraeus, Magnus Johannesson

A social tariff of EuroQol time trade-off (TTO) values was recently presented. We compared the social tariff and patient TTO values among 104 women with mild and severe menopausal symptoms. The...

The Value of Private Safety versus the Value of Public Safety.

Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Per-Olov, O'Conor, Richard M

In this study, one group of respondents is offered to purchase a safety device to be installed in their cars, while another group is offered a public safety program (improved road quality) which...

Quality of Life and the WTP for an Increased Life Expectancy at an Advanced Age

Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Per-Olov

In this study we report an attempt to measure the value adult Swedes impute to an increased survival probability at high ages. A rating scale between the worst possible quality of life (=1) and the...

The Value of Private Safety versus the Value of Public Safety

Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Per-Olov, O'Conor, Richard M.

In this study we report an attempt to measure the WTP of car owners for a reduction of the probability of being killed in a traffic accident. One group of respondents is offered a safety device to be...

On the Value of Changes in Life Expectancy: Blips versus Parametric Changes

Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Per-Olov, Löfgren, Karl-Gustaf

Previous studies indicate that the general public would prefer to reallocate medical resources from old people to young ones, and also has a low WTP for measures that increase the survival...

A Note on Confidence Intervals in Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Tambour, Magnus, Zethraeus, Niklas, Johannesson, Magnus

How to obtain confidence intervals for cost-effectiveness ratios is complicated by the statistical problems to obtain a confidence interval for a ratio of random variables. Different approaches have...

Time Spent on Waiting Lists for Medical Care: An Insurance Approach

Johannesson, Magnus, Johansson, Per-Olov, Söderqvist, Tore

In this paper, we develop a simple model of the benefits and costs of being on a waiting list. The model shows that complex factors are in operation, implying that a shorter waiting time need not...

New Estimates of the Demand for Health: Results Based on a Categorical Health Measure and Swedish Micro Data

Gerdtham, Ulf-G, Johannesson, Magnus

In this paper we estimate a 'Grossman' model of demand for health based on Swedish micro data. The data set consists of a random sample of over 5,000 individuals taken from the Swedish adult...

The Relationship between Happiness, Health and Socio-economic Factors: Results Based on Swedish Micro Data

Gerdtham, Ulf-G, Johannesson, Magnus

This paper investigates the relationship between happiness (utility) and a host of socio-economic variables. The data set consists of a random sample of over 5,000 individuals from the Swedish adult...

Income-Related Inequality in Life-Years and Quality-Adjusted Life-Years

Gerdtham, Ulf-G., Johannesson, Magnus

We estimate the income-related inequality in Sweden with respect to life-years and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). We use a large data-set from Sweden with over 40,000 individuals followed up...

Is There a Hold-up Problem?

Ellingsen, Tore, Johannesson, Magnus

Most literature on the hold-up problem starts from the assumption that ex post bargaining outcomes are insensitive to prior investment costs. We argue that this approach is unsatisfactory. If the...

The Impact of Physician Preferences and Patient Habits on the Diffusion of New Drugs

Johannesson, Magnus, Lundin, Douglas

We study the choice of drug for the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) in Sweden between 1988-1994. During this time period calcium antagonists and ACE-inhibitors increased their market...

Confidence Interval Estimation Tasks and the Economics of Overconfidence

Cesarini, David, Sandewall, Örjan, Johannesson, Magnus

Experiments in psychology, where subjects estimate confidence intervals to a series of factual questions, have shown that individuals report far too narrow intervals. This has been interpreted as...