An, Dong Sung, Donahue, Robert E., Kamata, Masakazu, Poon, Betty, Metzger, Mark, Mao, Si-Hua, ...
RNAi is a powerful method for suppressing gene expression that has tremendous potential for therapeutic applications. However, because endogenous RNAi plays a role in normal cellular functions,...
Qin, Xiao-Feng, An, Dong Sung, Chen, Irvin S. Y., Baltimore, David
Double-stranded RNAs approximate to 21 nucleotides long [small interfering RNA (siRNA)] are recognized as powerful reagents to reduce the expression of specific genes. To use them as reagents to...
Cao, Yunzhen, Krogstad, Paul, Korber, Bette T., Koup, Richard A., Muldoon, Mark, Macken, Catherine, ...
Most HIV-1 infections of children result from mother-to-infant transmission, which may occur perinatally or postnatally, as a consequence of breast feeding1−8. In this study, the influence of...
Lentiviral delivery of HIV-1 Vpr protein induces apoptosis in transformed cells
Stewart, Sheila A., Poon, Betty, Jowett, Jeremy B. M., Xie, Yiming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Most current anticancer therapies act by inducing tumor cell stasis followed by apoptosis. HIV-1 Vpr effectively induces apoptosis of T cells after arrest of cells at a G2/M checkpoint. Here, we...
Jowett, Jeremy B., Xie, Yi-ming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr protein induces cell cycle arrest at the border of G2 and M similar to the arrest caused by agents which damage DNA. We determined whether the...
An, Dong Sung, Morizono, Kouki, Li, Qi-Xiang, Mao, Si Hua, Lu, Stephanie, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Recently, gene therapy vectors based upon the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome have been developed. Here, we create an HIV-1 vector which is defective for all HIV-1 genes, but which...
Poon, Betty, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
In vitro infection by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) can result in syncytium formation, facilitating viral entry. Using cell lines that were susceptible to...
Kong, Lawrence B., An, DongSung, Ackerson, Bradley, Canon, Jude, Rey, Osvaldo, Chen, Irvin S. Y., ...
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid protein contains a conserved P217X4PX2PX5P231 motif. Mutation at Pro-222 decreases virion incorporation of cyclophilin A, while mutation at Pro-231...
Grovit-Ferbas, Kathie, Ferbas, John, Gudeman, Vaheideh, Sadeghi, Saeed, Goetz, Matthew Bidwell, Giorgi, Janis V., ...
The lack of clinical progression in some individuals despite prolonged human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection may result from infection with less-pathogenic viral strains. To address...
An, Dong Sung, Wersto, Robert P., Agricola, Brian A., Metzger, Mark E., Lu, Stephanie, Amado, Rafael G., ...
Recently, gene delivery vectors based on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been developed as an alternative mode of gene delivery. These vectors have a number of advantages, particularly in...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Induces Apoptosis through Caspase Activation
Stewart, Sheila A., Poon, Betty, Song, Joo Y., Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr is a 96-amino-acid protein that is found associated with the HIV-1 virion. Vpr induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and this...
Camerini, David, Su, Hua-Poo, Gamez-Torre, Graciela, Johnson, Michael L., Zack, Jerome A., Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) patient isolates and molecular clones were used to analyze the determinants responsible for human CD4+ thymocyte depletion in SCID-hu mice....
Kung, Sam K. P., An, Dong Sung, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
We constructed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vectors that will allow higher levels of gene expression in T cells. Gene expression under the control of an internal cytomegalovirus (CMV)...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Env-Independent Infection of Human CD4− Cells
Pang, Shen, Yu, Duan, An, Dong Sung, Baldwin, Gayle C., Xie, Yiming, Poon, Betty, ...
CD4− epithelial cells covering mucosal surfaces serve as the primary barrier to prevent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We used HIV-1 vectors carrying the enhanced green...
Envelope Gene of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-W Encodes a Functional Retrovirus Envelope
An, Dong Sung, Xie, Yi-ming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
A member of the human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) family termed HERV-W encodes a highly fusogenic membrane glycoprotein that appears to be expressed specifically in the placenta. It is unclear...
An, Dong Sung, Kung, Sam K. P., Bonifacino, Aylin, Wersto, Robert P., Metzger, Mark E., Agricola, Brian A., ...
Nonhuman primate model systems of autologous CD34+ cell transplant are the most effective means to assess the safety and capabilities of lentivirus vectors. Toward this end, we tested the efficiency...
Antibody-Directed Targeting of Retroviral Vectors via Cell Surface Antigens
Morizono, Kouki, Bristol, Gregory, Xie, Yi-ming, Kung, Sam Kam-Pun, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Targeted stable transduction of specific cells is a highly desirable goal for gene therapy applications. We report an efficient and broadly applicable approach for targeting retroviral vectors to...
Poles, Michael A., Elliott, Julie, Taing, Philip, Anton, Peter A., Chen, Irvin S. Y.
The gastrointestinal mucosa harbors the majority of the body's CD4+ cells and appears to be uniquely susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We undertook this study to...
Nef-Mediated Resistance of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to Antiviral Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
Yang, Otto O., Nguyen, Phuong Thi, Kalams, Spyros A., Dorfman, Tanya, Göttlinger, Heinrich G., Stewart, Sheila, ...
Although Nef has been proposed to effect the escape of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) through downmodulation of major histocompatibility complex class...
Qin, Xiao-Feng, An, Dong Sung, Chen, Irvin S. Y., Baltimore, David
Double-stranded RNAs ≈21 nucleotides long [small interfering RNA (siRNA)] are recognized as powerful reagents to reduce the expression of specific genes. To use them as reagents to protect cells...
Yuan, Huidong, Xie, Yi-Ming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protein R (Vpr) induces G2 arrest, and prolonged G2 arrest leads to apoptosis. We find that in HeLa cells the cell cycle regulatory kinase, Wee-1, is depleted...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr Enhances Expression from Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA
Poon, Betty, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Retroviral DNA synthesized prior to integration, termed unintegrated viral DNA, is classically believed to be transcriptionally inert and to serve only as a precursor to the transcriptionally active...
Yuan, Huidong, Kamata, Masakazu, Xie, Yi-Ming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition and subsequently apoptosis. Here we examined the potential involvement of Wee-1 in Vpr-induced G2...
Lentivirus-delivered stable gene silencing by RNAi in primary cells
STEWART, SHEILA A., DYKXHOORN, DEREK M., PALLISER, DEBORAH, MIZUNO, HANA, YU, EVAN Y., AN, DONG SUNG, ...
Genome-wide genetic approaches have proven useful for examining pathways of biological significance in model organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogastor, and Caenorhabditis...
Lentiviral delivery of HIV-1 Vpr protein induces apoptosis in transformed cells
Stewart, Sheila A., Poon, Betty, Jowett, Jeremy B. M., Xie, Yiming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Most current anticancer therapies act by inducing tumor cell stasis followed by apoptosis. HIV-1 Vpr effectively induces apoptosis of T cells after arrest of cells at a G2/M checkpoint. Here, we...
Jowett, Jeremy B., Xie, Yi-ming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr protein induces cell cycle arrest at the border of G2 and M similar to the arrest caused by agents which damage DNA. We determined whether the...
An, Dong Sung, Morizono, Kouki, Li, Qi-Xiang, Mao, Si Hua, Lu, Stephanie, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Recently, gene therapy vectors based upon the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome have been developed. Here, we create an HIV-1 vector which is defective for all HIV-1 genes, but which...
Poon, Betty, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
In vitro infection by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) can result in syncytium formation, facilitating viral entry. Using cell lines that were susceptible to...
Kong, Lawrence B., An, DongSung, Ackerson, Bradley, Canon, Jude, Rey, Osvaldo, Chen, Irvin S. Y., ...
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid protein contains a conserved P217X4PX2PX5P231 motif. Mutation at Pro-222 decreases virion incorporation of cyclophilin A, while mutation at Pro-231...
Grovit-Ferbas, Kathie, Ferbas, John, Gudeman, Vaheideh, Sadeghi, Saeed, Goetz, Matthew Bidwell, Giorgi, Janis V., ...
The lack of clinical progression in some individuals despite prolonged human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection may result from infection with less-pathogenic viral strains. To address...
An, Dong Sung, Wersto, Robert P., Agricola, Brian A., Metzger, Mark E., Lu, Stephanie, Amado, Rafael G., ...
Recently, gene delivery vectors based on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been developed as an alternative mode of gene delivery. These vectors have a number of advantages, particularly in...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Induces Apoptosis through Caspase Activation
Stewart, Sheila A., Poon, Betty, Song, Joo Y., Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr is a 96-amino-acid protein that is found associated with the HIV-1 virion. Vpr induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and this...
Camerini, David, Su, Hua-Poo, Gamez-Torre, Graciela, Johnson, Michael L., Zack, Jerome A., Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) patient isolates and molecular clones were used to analyze the determinants responsible for human CD4+ thymocyte depletion in SCID-hu mice....
Kung, Sam K. P., An, Dong Sung, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
We constructed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vectors that will allow higher levels of gene expression in T cells. Gene expression under the control of an internal cytomegalovirus (CMV)...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Env-Independent Infection of Human CD4− Cells
Pang, Shen, Yu, Duan, An, Dong Sung, Baldwin, Gayle C., Xie, Yiming, Poon, Betty, ...
CD4− epithelial cells covering mucosal surfaces serve as the primary barrier to prevent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We used HIV-1 vectors carrying the enhanced green...
Envelope Gene of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-W Encodes a Functional Retrovirus Envelope
An, Dong Sung, Xie, Yi-ming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
A member of the human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) family termed HERV-W encodes a highly fusogenic membrane glycoprotein that appears to be expressed specifically in the placenta. It is unclear...
An, Dong Sung, Kung, Sam K. P., Bonifacino, Aylin, Wersto, Robert P., Metzger, Mark E., Agricola, Brian A., ...
Nonhuman primate model systems of autologous CD34+ cell transplant are the most effective means to assess the safety and capabilities of lentivirus vectors. Toward this end, we tested the efficiency...
Antibody-Directed Targeting of Retroviral Vectors via Cell Surface Antigens
Morizono, Kouki, Bristol, Gregory, Xie, Yi-ming, Kung, Sam Kam-Pun, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Targeted stable transduction of specific cells is a highly desirable goal for gene therapy applications. We report an efficient and broadly applicable approach for targeting retroviral vectors to...
Poles, Michael A., Elliott, Julie, Taing, Philip, Anton, Peter A., Chen, Irvin S. Y.
The gastrointestinal mucosa harbors the majority of the body's CD4+ cells and appears to be uniquely susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We undertook this study to...
Nef-Mediated Resistance of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to Antiviral Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
Yang, Otto O., Nguyen, Phuong Thi, Kalams, Spyros A., Dorfman, Tanya, Göttlinger, Heinrich G., Stewart, Sheila, ...
Although Nef has been proposed to effect the escape of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) through downmodulation of major histocompatibility complex class...
Qin, Xiao-Feng, An, Dong Sung, Chen, Irvin S. Y., Baltimore, David
Double-stranded RNAs ≈21 nucleotides long [small interfering RNA (siRNA)] are recognized as powerful reagents to reduce the expression of specific genes. To use them as reagents to protect cells...
Yuan, Huidong, Xie, Yi-Ming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protein R (Vpr) induces G2 arrest, and prolonged G2 arrest leads to apoptosis. We find that in HeLa cells the cell cycle regulatory kinase, Wee-1, is depleted...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr Enhances Expression from Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA
Poon, Betty, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Retroviral DNA synthesized prior to integration, termed unintegrated viral DNA, is classically believed to be transcriptionally inert and to serve only as a precursor to the transcriptionally active...
Yuan, Huidong, Kamata, Masakazu, Xie, Yi-Ming, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition and subsequently apoptosis. Here we examined the potential involvement of Wee-1 in Vpr-induced G2...
Lentivirus-delivered stable gene silencing by RNAi in primary cells
STEWART, SHEILA A., DYKXHOORN, DEREK M., PALLISER, DEBORAH, MIZUNO, HANA, YU, EVAN Y., AN, DONG SUNG, ...
Genome-wide genetic approaches have proven useful for examining pathways of biological significance in model organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogastor, and Caenorhabditis...
An, Dong Sung, Poon, Betty, Fang, Raphael Ho Tsong, Weijer, Kees, Blom, Bianca, Spits, Hergen, ...
The goal of this study was to develop a small-animal model to study human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pathogenesis in blood and primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Rag2−/−γc−/−...
Poon, Betty, Chang, Michael A., Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Unintegrated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA are viral DNA products formed naturally during HIV replication. While the integrated proviral DNA form is transcriptionally active and results in...
Stable reduction of CCR5 by RNAi through hematopoietic stem cell transplant in non-human primates
An, Dong Sung, Donahue, Robert E., Kamata, Masakazu, Poon, Betty, Metzger, Mark, Mao, Si-Hua, ...
RNAi is a powerful method for suppressing gene expression that has tremendous potential for therapeutic applications. However, because endogenous RNAi plays a role in normal cellular functions,...
Kamata, Masakazu, Watanabe, Nobumoto, Nagaoka, Yoshiko, Chen, Irvin S. Y.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr is a virion-associated accessory protein that has multiple activities within an infected cell. One of the most dramatic effects of Vpr is the induction of cell...