Flexible Parametrization of Scene Graphs (2004)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
D applications, but with the focus lying on support for multi-processor and multi-pipeline systems, for distributed applications and for advanced rendering effects. Contrary to these developments,...
Ubiquitous Tracking for Augmented Reality (2004)
Joseph Newman, Martin Wagner, Martin Bauer, Asa Macwilliams, Thomas Pintaric, Dagmar Beyer, ...
Augmented Reality (AR) provides a natural interface to the "calm" pervasive technology anticipated in large-scale Ubiquitous Computing environments. However, the range of classic AR applications has...
Fundamentals of Ubiquitous Tracking (2004)
Martin Wagner, Asa Macwilliams, Martin Bauer, Gudrun Klinker, Joseph Newman, Thomas Pintaric, ...
Ubiquitous Computing (Ubicomp) environments require detailed, coherent and up-to-date spatial models of the world. However, current tracking technologies are limited in their range and operating...
Scalable Techniques for Collaborative Outdoor Augmented Reality (2004)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
Research on mobile augmented reality (AR) so far concentrated on building and deploying prototypes and investigating technical and user interface aspects. To create plausible application scenarios...
Data Management Strategies for Mobile Augmented Reality (2004)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
Any significant real-world application of mobile augmented reality will require a large model of location-bound data. While it may appear that a natural approach is to develop application-specific...
Fundamentals of Ubiquitous Tracking (2004)
Martin Wagner, Asa Macwilliams, Martin Bauer, Gudrun Klinker, Joseph Newman, Thomas Pintaric, ...
Ubiquitous Computing (Ubicomp) environments require detailed, coherent and up-to-date spatial models of the world. However, current tracking technologies are limited in their range and operating...
Collaborative Augmented Reality for Outdoor Navigation and (2003)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
Augmented reality (AR) can provide an excellent user interface for visualization in a mobile computing application. The user's view is augmented with location based information at the correct spatial...
ARToolKit on the PocketPC Platform (2003)
Daniel Wagner, Dieter Schmalstieg
In this paper we describe the port of ARToolKit onto the PocketPC platform including optimizations that led to a three-fold speedup over the native cross-compiled version. The ported ARToolKit module...
Integrating Studierstube and DWARF (2003)
Martin Bauer, Otmar Hilliges, Asa Macwilliams, Joe Newman, Gerhard Reitmayr, Tamer Fahmy, ...
Studierstube and DWARF are modular Augmented Reality frameworks, each with distinct advantages in different application areas. Both can easily be extended by adding new components. In this case study...
Integrating Studierstube and DWARF (2003)
Martin Bauer, Otmar Hilliges, Asa Macwilliams, Joe Newman, Gerhard Reitmayr, Tamer Fahmy, ...
Studierstube and DWARF are modular Augmented Reality frameworks, each with distinct advantages in different application areas. Both can easily be extended by adding new components. In this case study...
Presenting Past and Present of an Archaeological Site in the Virtual Showcase (2003)
D. Arnold, A. Chalmers, F. Niccolucci (editors, Florian Ledermann, Dieter Schmalstieg
In this paper, we present our effort to use augmented reality technology to present an archaeological site inside the "Virtual Showcase". A real scale model of the ruin of the roman "Heidentor" is...
The Inverse Warp: Non-Invasive Integration of Shear-Warp (2003)
Stefan Bruckner, Dieter Schmalstieg, Helwig Hauser, M. Eduard Gr Oller
In this paper, a simple and efficient solution for combining shear-warp volume rendering and the hardware graphics pipeline is presented. The approach applies an inverse warp transformation to the...
Collaborative Work with Volumetric Data Using Augmented Reality (2003)
Istv Barakonyi, Tamer Fahmy, Dieter Schmalstieg, Karin Kosina
The Augmented Reality Videoconferencing System is a novel remote collaboration tool combining a desktop-based AR system and a videoconferencing module. The novelty of our system is the combination of...
Interactive Mediated Reality (2003)
Raphael Grasset, Jean-dominique Gascuel, Dieter Schmalstieg
Mediated reality describes the concept of filtering our vision of reality, typically using a head-worn video mixing display. In this paper, we propose a generalized concept and new tools for...
Data Management Strategies for Mobile Augmented Reality (2003)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
Any significant real-world application of mobile augmented reality will require a large model of location-bound data. While it may appear that a natural approach is to develop application-specific...
WireAR - Legacy Applications in Augmented Reality (2003)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Mark Billinghurst, Dieter Schmalstieg
Current Augmented Reality (AR) applications require that the application software be written to support a specific AR interface set up. WireAR was developed to enable output from any OpenGL...
Visibility Preprocessing with Occluder Fusion for Urban Walkthroughs (2003)
Urban Walkthroughs, Peter Wonka, Michael Wimmer, Dieter Schmalstieg
This paper presents an algorithm for occlusion culling from regions of space. It is conservative and able to find all significant occlusion. It discretizes the scene into view cells, for which...
Mathematics and Geometry Education with Collaborative Augmented Reality (2003)
Hannes Kaufmann, Dieter Schmalstieg
Construct3D is a three dimensional geometric construction tool specifically designed for mathematics and geometry education. It is based on the mobile collaborative augmented reality system...
Mobile Collaborative Augmented Reality (2003)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
The combination of mobile computing and collaborative Augmented Reality into a single system makes the power of computer enhanced interaction and communication in the real world accessible anytime...
The Studierstube Augmented Reality Project (2002)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Anton Fuhrmann, Gerd Hesina, L. Miguel Encarnaca O, Michael Gervautz, Werner Purgathofer
Our starting point for developing the Studierstube system was the belief that augmented reality, the less obtrusive cousin of virtual reality, has a better chance of becoming a viable user interface...
Location based Applications for Mobile Augmented Reality (2002)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
In this work we investigate building indoor location based applications for a mobile augmented reality system. We believe that augmented reality is a natural interface to visualize spacial...
Distributed Applications for Collaborative Augmented Reality (2002)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Gerd Hesina
This paper focuses on the distributed architecture of the collaborative augmented reality system Studierstube. The system allows multiple users to experience a shared 3D workspace populated by...
Distributed Applications for Collaborative Three-Dimensional Workspaces (2002)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Gerhard Reitmayr, Gerd Hesina
This paper focuses on the distributed architecture of the collaborative three-dimensional user interface management system Studierstube. The system allows multiple users to experience a shared 3D...
A Platform for location based Augmented Reality Applications (2002)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg, Tu Wien, A Wien
Augmented Reality (AR), enhancing a user's perception of the real world with computer generated entities, and mobile computing, allowing users to access and manipulate information anytime and...
Mobile Collaborative Augmented Reality (2002)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
The combination of mobile computing and collaborative Augmented Reality into a single system makes the power of computer enhanced interaction and communication in the real world accessible anytime...
Finger Tracking for Interaction in Augmented Environments (2002)
Klaus Dorfm Uller-ulhaas, Dieter Schmalstieg
Optical tracking systems allow three-dimensional input for virtual environment applications with high precision and without annoying cables. Spontaneous and intuitive interaction is possible through...
A Wearable 3D Augmented Reality Workspace (2002)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
This poster describes our work to build a wearable Augmented Reality system that supports true stereoscopic 3D graphics. Through a pen and pad interface well known 2D user interfaces can be presented...
Two-Handed Direct Interaction with ARToolKit (2002)
Stephan Veigl, Andreas Kaltenbach, Florian Ledermann, Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
A mobile augmented reality system for 3D interaction requires an easy to use, interactive input device. In our work on the Studierstube project, we had long-term experience with two-handed direct...
Dynamically Shared Optical Tracking (2002)
Florian Ledermann, Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
In our approach to improve tracking availability, tracking data from multiple hosts is shared across the network. Pairwise camera-to-camera relationships are established automatically, as soon as any...
Structured Visual Markers for Indoor Pathfinding (2002)
Michael Kalkusch, Thomas Lidy, Gerhard Reitmayr, Hannes Kaufmann, Dieter Schmalstieg
We present a mobile augmented reality (AR) system to guide a user through an unfamiliar building to a destination room. The system presents a world-registered wire frame model of the building labeled...
ARLib: The Augmented Library (2002)
Eike J. Umlauf, Harald Piringer, Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
ARLib is a location-based application for a mobile Augmented Reality system based on a notebook computer, a head-mounted display fitted with a FireWire camera, and powered by Studierstube 2.0...
Distributed Applications for Collaborative Three-Dimensional Workspaces (2002)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Gerhard Reitmayr, Gerd Hesina
This paper focuses on the distributed architecture of the collaborative three-dimensional user interface management system $tudierstube. The system allows multiple users to experience a shared 3D...
An Open Software Architecture for Virtual Reality Interaction (2001)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
This article describes OpenTracker, an open software architecture that provides a framework for the di#erent tasks involved in tracking input devices and processing multi-modal input data in virtual...
Mobile Collaborative Augmented Reality (2001)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
The combination of mobile computing and collaborative Augmented Reality into a single system makes the power of computer enhanced interaction and communication in the real world accessible anytime...
Through-The-Lens Techniques for (2001)
Stanislav L. Stoev, Dieter Schmalstieg, Graphisch-interaktive Systeme
In this paper, we present a set of techniques for interaction with, navigation through, and manipulation within virtual environments. The proposed techniques are based on a through-the-lens model,...
Two-Handed Through-the-Lens-Techniques for Navigation in Virtual Environments (2001)
Stanislav L. Stoev, Dieter Schmalstieg, Wolfgang Straer
We present a tool set of techniques for navigation in virtual environments.
A Wearable 3D Augmented Reality Workspace (2001)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
This poster describes our work to build a wearable Augmented Reality system that supports true stereoscopic 3D graphics. Through a pen and pad interface well known 2D user interfaces can be presented...
Application Migration for Virtual Work Environments (2001)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Gerd Hesina
We present tools for managing applications in a distributed virtual work environment. A virtual work environment is a system that interfaces with multiple users and executes multiple...
An Open Software Architecture for Virtual Reality Interaction (2001)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
This article describes OpenTracker, an open software architecture that provides a framework for the di#erent tasks involved in tracking input devices and processing multimodal input data in virtual...
OpenTracker - An Open Software Architecture for Reconfigurable Tracking based on XML (2000)
Gerhard Reitmayr, Dieter Schmalstieg
This paper describes OpenTracker, an open software architecture that provides a generic solution to the different tasks involved in tracking input devices and processing tracking data for virtual...
Interactive Volume Exploration on the StudyDesk (2000)
Werner Wohlfahrter, L. Miguel Encarnacao, Dieter Schmalstieg
We present the combination of an interaction--rich virtual environment and a volume-rendering library which enables to work in an easier and more natural way on volume data. This paper describes how...
Bridging Multiple User Interface Dimensions with Augmented Reality (2000)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Anton Fuhrmann, Gerd Hesina
Studierstube is an experimental user interface system, which uses collaborative augmented reality to incorporate true 3D interaction into a productivity environment. This concept is extended to...
Construct3D: A Virtual Reality Application for Mathematics and Geometry Education (2000)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Michael Wagner, Hannes Kaufmann, Lange Gasse
Construct3D is a three dimensional geometric construction tool based on the collaborative augmented reality system "Studierstube". Our setup uses a stereoscopic head mounted display (HMD) and the...
Coarse View-Dependent Levels of Detail for Hierarchical and Deformable Models (1999)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Anton Fuhrmann
: While a large amount of work is geared towards multi-resolution modeling and rendering, the presented methods work almost exclusively with static models and scenes. The ASLOD (Animated Smooth Level...
Priority Round-Robin Scheduling for Very Large Virtual Environments (1999)
Chris Faisstnauer, Dieter Schmalstieg, Werner Purgathofer
In virtual environments containing a very large number of objects, the limited amount of available resources often proves to be a bottleneck, causing a competition for those resources -- for example...
Fast Calibration for Augmented Reality (1999)
Anton Fuhrmann, Dieter Schmalstieg, Werner Purgathofer
Augmented Reality overlays computer generated images over the real world. To correctly depict spatial relations between real and virtual objects, these images have to be generated using...
Real-time Bounding Box Area Computation (1999)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Robert F. Tobler
: The area covered by a 3D bounding box after projection onto the screen is relevant for view-dependent algorithms in real-time and photorealistic rendering. We describe a fast method to compute the...
Multi-Context Augmented Reality (1999)
Anton Fuhrmann, Dieter Schmalstieg
In this paper we present Studierstube Workspace, an application framework for augmented reality. We develop a concept for a collaborative working environments that simultaneously supports multiple...
Load Balancing for Smooth LODs (1999)
Michael Wimmer, Dieter Schmalstieg
The paper shows how to derive an analytic formula for the following problem: given a set of objects in a continuous level of detail representation, and given a total number of polygons to display,...
Using Transparent Props For Interaction With The Virtual Table (1999)
Dieter Schmalstieg, L. Miguel Encarnao, Zsolt Szalavri
The Virtual Table presents stereoscopic graphics to a user in a workbench-like setting. This paper reports on a user interface and new interaction techniques for the Virtual Table based on...
ANetwork Architecture for Remote Rendering (1998)
Gerd Hesina, Dieter Schmalstieg
Internet-based virtual environments (VEs) let users explore multiple virtual worlds with many different geometric models which are downloaded rather than predistributed. To avoid long download times,...
Sewing Worlds Together With SEAMS: A Mechanism To Construct Large-Scale Virtual Environments (1998)
Gernot Schaufler, Dieter Schmalstieg
This paper presents solutions for efficient rendering of SEAMS, for organizing the networking layer of a large-scale distributed virtual environment, and for sensible migration of objects and avatars...
Dynamic Load Balancing in Distributed Virtual Environments (1998)
Stephan Mantler, Dieter Schmalstieg
This paper introduces a new approach for improving the scalability of distributed virtual environments by using a combination of visibility culling for communication and dynamic load balancing to...
Modeling and Rendering of Outdoor Scenes for Distributed Virtual Environments (1997)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Michael Gervautz
. We present an approach for modeling and realtime rendering of outdoor scenes, for use in virtual reality applications such as flight simulators and multi-user virtual environments. The models are...
Smooth Levels of Detail (1997)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Gernot Schaufler
Levels of detail (LODs) are used in interactive computer graphics to avoid overload of the rendering hardware with to high numbers of polygons. While conventional methods use a small set of discrete...
Device-Independent Navigation and Interaction in Virtual Environments (1997)
Chris Faisstnauer, Dieter Schmalstieg, Zsolt Szalavri
. We present a new approach to the integration of input devices into virtual environment software systems. Our approach employs a so-called Mapper module as an intermediate between input device...
LODESTAR: An Octree-Based Level Of Detail Generator For VRML (1997)
. Level of detail generation is important for managing geometric complexity of three-dimensional objects and virtual worlds. However, most algorithms that compute levels of detail do not deal with...
Exploiting coherence in 2 1/2 D visibility computation (1997)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Robert F. Tobler
s hit, a vertical span is drawn. Thereby, one pixel column is drawn in turn, thereby avoiding the need for a more complex general 3-D rendering algorithm. Figure 1: A triangulated floor plan Here we...
Demand-Driven Geometry Transmission for Distributed Virtual Environments (1997)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Michael Gervautz
We present a strategy for rendering in distributed virtual environments. A geometry database is maintained by a server, while users invoke individual clients to interact with the environment. Instead...
Augmented Reality Enabled Collaborative Work in "Studierstube" (1997)
Michael Gervautz, Anton Fuhrmann, Dieter Schmalstieg
: We introduce a multi-user augmented reality system to support collaboration of participants in research, presentation and education. Our system "Studierstube" 2 presents threedimensional...
Augmented Reality Enabled Collaborative Work in "Studierstube" (1997)
Zsolt Szalavri, Michael Gervautz, Anton Fuhrmann, Dieter Schmalstieg
We introduce a multi-user augmented reality system to support collaboration of participants in research, presentation and education. Our system "Studierstube" presents threedimensional stereoscopic...
A Survey of Advanced Interactive 3-D Graphics Techniques (1997)
phics outside the field of view is a waste of performance. Latency is the time measured from the setting of an input until the corresponding output is manifested. Many factors contribute to latency:...
Collaborative Augmented Reality: Exploring Dynamical Systems (1997)
Anton Fuhrmann, Helwig Lffelmann, Dieter Schmalstieg
In this paper we present collaborative scientific visualization in STUDIERSTUBE. STUDIERSTUBE is an augmented reality system that has several advantages over conventional desktop and other virtual...
A Survey of Advanced Interactive 3-D Graphics Techniques (1997)
utside the field of view is a waste of performance. Latency is the time measured from the setting of an input until the corresponding output is manifested. Many factors contribute to latency: input...
A Survey of Advanced Interactive 3-D Graphics Techniques (1997)
measured from the setting of an input until the corresponding output is manifested. Many factors contribute to latency: input devices, software architecture, rendering time, display scan-out. For the...
Implementing Gibsonian Virtual Environments (1995)
Dieter Schmalstieg, Michael Gervautz
. We speculate on the possibilities for a realization of the idea of a threedimensional Cyberspace, as sketched in the novels of William Gibson using today's technology. Virtual reality and global...
Priority Round-Robin Scheduling for Very Large Virtual Environments (1970)
Chris Faisstnauer, Dieter Schmalstieg, Werner Purgathofer
In virtual environments containing a very large number of objects, the limited amount of available resources often proves to be a bottleneck, causing a competition for those resources -- for example...